Archimedes 4 Norman Borlaug 6 George Washington Carver 8 Marie Curie 10 Charles Darwin 12 Albert Einstein 14 Alexander Fleming 16 Galileo Galilei 18 Jane Goodall 20 Isaac Newton 22 Louis Pasteur 24 Nikola Tesla 26 How You Can Make Change 28 Glossary 30 For More Information 31 Index 32 About the Author 32 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Archimedes created mathematical rules and inventions that we still use today He was born in Syracuse Sicily in what is now Italy He was born sometime between 290 and 280 BCE Archimedes studied in Egypt but lived most of his life in Syracuse He died in approximately 212 BCE Like other ancient scientists Archimedes studied many different things He believed strongly in experimentation He created many different machines One machine is called Archimedes screw It moves water from one place to another It is a tube set at a 45-degree angle Inside the tube is a screw As the screw turns water moves up the tube It is pushed out the other end It was used to remove water from inside large ships THINK ABOUT IT Archimedes and other ancient scientists studied many different things Why do you think scientists in the ancient world studied many different subjects instead of just one Archimedes was a mathematician in ancient Italy ARCHIMEDES EXPERIMENTS WITH FLOTATION 1 4
Versions of the screw are still used today Archimedes is most famous for Archimedes principle It explains what makes things float It also explains why some things float while others do not Archimedes made many other discoveries in mathematics geometry and physics European mathematicians rediscovered his work in the 1500s It helped develop the future of mathematics His discoveries have become the basis for much of modern science 9 Number of Archimedes formal papers that have survived Archimedes was born in Syracuse Sicily between 290 and 280 BCE He discovered many geometric and mathematical principles He invented machines such as Archimedes screw that are still used today EUREKA A popular story about Archimedes claims he discovered Archimedes principle in the bathtub He supposedly jumped out of the bath and shouted Eureka Eureka means I have found it in ancient Greek Eureka is now something people say when they make a discovery Archimedes screw moves water from one location to another 5
