BEUR WHEN ALI WAS TEN HIS FATHER CHOSE A PHILOSOPHER TO BE HIS TUTOR THE TEACHER'S NAME WAS AL NATILI MUCH OF OUR KNOWLEDGE COMES FROM GREECE AND THEN THROUGH THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA A GREAT CENTER OF KNOWLEDGE AND LEARNING WE WILL USE ARISTOTLE'S CURRICULUM WHICH CONSISTS OF THE STUDY OF LOGIC MATHEMATICS PHYSICS THE FIRST ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHERS ADOPTED THE TEACHINGS OF ARISTOTLE THEY DETERMINED EVERYTHING AN EDUCATED PERSON OUGHT TO KNOW ASTRONOMY METEOROLOGY ETHICS POLITICS AND ALSO RHETORIC EVERYTHING THAT A PROPER PHILOSOPHER NEEDS TO KNOW SO YOU NOT ONLY MUST READ ABOUT THE GREEK PHILOSOPHERS BUT ALSO ABOUT ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHERS SUCH AS AL FARABI OR AL KINDI THE FIRST GREAT MUSLIM THINKER
ONE DAY ALI SAW SOME STRANGERS ARRIVE AT HIS HOME WHO ARE THESE MEN FATHER THEY ARE MY GUESTS ISMAILI MISSIONARIES ISMAILI MISSIONARIES THEY PREACH ISMAILI THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY AND BELIEVE THAT ISMA'IL WAS THE TRUE IMAM AMONG THE GRANDSONS OF CALIPH ALÍ CALIPH ALI HIS FATHER WELCOMED THE VISITORS WITH MUCH FONDNESS AND REVERENCE REMEMBER WHAT YOU'VE LEARNED
BEFORE HIS DEATH MUHAMMAD NAMED HIS SON IN LAW ALÍ AS SUCCESSOR TO THE POSITION OF CALIPH AND LEADER OF ISLAM I THINK ABU BAKR IS MUHAMMAD'S TRUE SUCCESSOR NO WAY HOWEVER HIS THREE IN LAWS DISAGREED THESE MEN DECIDED THAT THEY WOULD BE THE NEW RULERS INSTEAD ONE AFTER ANOTHER HE JUST WANTS TO BE CALIPH MANY DID NOT LIKE THIS DECISION SOON AFTER FIGHTING BROKE OUT FUELED BY DISPUTES OVER TERRITORY AND POWER THIS DIVISION GRADUALLY SEPARATED THE ISLAMIC WORLD INTO THE SHIITES DEFENDERS OF ALÍ AND THE SUNNIS SUPPORTERS OF MUHAMMAD'S IN-LAWS
A FEW YEARS AFTER MUHAMMAD'S DEATH THE FIRST FITNA A WAR BETWEEN SHIITES AND SUNNIS ERUPTED TWO MORE WARS FOLLOWED AFTER THE FIRST CÓRDOBA THANKS TO THE EXPANSIONS OF THE PREVIOUS RULERS THE UMAYYADS THE ABBASIDS TOOK CONTROL OF AN EMPIRE THAT STRETCHED FROM ASIA THROUGH NORTHERN AFRICA ALL THE WAY UP TO THE IBERIAN PENINSULA DAMASCUS BAGHDAD AT THE END OF THE THIRD FITNA THE ABBASID DYNASTY PREVAILED THEY MOVED THEIR CAPITAL FROM DAMASCUS TO BAGHDAD IN 762.
