NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC KiDS ULTIMATE ROCK OPEDIA THE MOST COMPLETE ROCKS MINERALS REFERENCE EVER STEVE TOMECEK NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC WASHINGTON D C
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 6 On the Rocks 8 CHAPTER 1 There’s No Place Like Home 10 Our Rocky World 12 What Is a Rock 14 Stacking Stones 16 Much Ado About Minerals 18 Some Really Classy Crystals 20 Ancient Artwork 22 CHAPTER 2 Earth Is Rockin 24 Dynamic Planet 26 Getting the Inside Story 28 Shaking All Over 30 Do You Know Your Faults 32 Thar She Blows 34 Majestic Magma Mountains 36 Big Happenings Under the Sea 38 A Rip in the Ocean Floor 40 Drifting Continents and Shifting Plates 42 All Cracked Up 44 Onward and Upward 46 Weathering Away 48 The World Down Below 50 Big MACs Impact Earth 52 CHAPTER 3 The Life and Death of Rocks 54 Some Like It Hot 56 Rocky Transformers 58 Tearing Down and Building Back Up 60 Unreal Landscapes 62 Fantastic Fossils 64 Forward Into the Past 66 What Goes Around Comes Around 68 Gearing Up 70 CHAPTER 4 Smokin Hot Igneous Rocks 72 Getting the Scoop on Igneous Rocks 74 The Devil Is in the Details 76 Granite 78 Diorite 80 Gabbro 82 Lots of Lava 84 Obsidian 86 Pumice 88 Extrusive Exclusive 90 Rock-Solid Heads of State 92 CHAPTER 5 Masters of Change Metamorphic Rocks 94 The Squeeze on Metamorphic Rocks 96 White Gold From Italy 98 Marble 100 Quartzite 102 Amphibolite 104 Pressure Cooker 106 Hornfels 108 Soapstone 110 One Magnificent Metamorphic Mountain 112 CHAPTER 6 Reassembled Rocks Sedimentary Rocks 114 Digging on Sedimentary Rocks 116 Rockin Cotton Castles 118 Limestone 120
Halite 186 Fluorite 188 Calcite 190 Some Seriously Classy Carbonates 192 Dolomite 194 Borax 196 Turquoise 198 Gypsum 200 Cave of the Crystals 202 Super Silicates 204 Quartz 206 Nature’s Surprise Packages 208 Opal 210 Phenomenal Feldspars 212 Cooking Up Some Feldspathoids 214 Marvelous Micas 216 The Serpentine Group 218 Talc 220 Born to Be Beautiful 222 Powerful Pyroxenes 224 Jadeite 226 Awesome Amphiboles 228 Beryl 230 Tourmaline Family 232 Olivine 234 Zircon 236 Topaz 238 Magical Metamorphic Minerals 240 A Gaggle of Garnets 242 Frozen in Stone 244 Wonders From Down Under 246 CHAPTER 8 Rockin Resources 248 Rock Around the Block 250 Rockin Resources From Around the World 252 Mock Rocks 254 Thar Be Fossils in This Fuel 256 Rockreation 258 Meet a Geologist 260 Glossary 262 Find Out More 264 Index 266 Photo Credits 270 Chalk 122 Time to Make the Beds 124 A Range of Rocks 126 Discovering Dinosaurs 128 Chert Flint 130 The Grandest of All Canyons 132 CHAPTER 7 The Building Blocks of Rocks 134 Breaking Down Some Mineral Properties 136 Welcome to the Class 138 Native Sulfur 140 Native Gold 142 The Rush Is On 144 Native Silver 146 Native and Rare 148 Native Copper 150 Diamond 152 Digging Up Diamonds 154 Danger Toxic Rocks Ahead 156 Galena 158 Pyrite 160 Marcasite 162 Super Sulfides 164 Corundum 166 Hard-Nosed Gemstones 168 Spinel 170 Magnetite 172 Metalmaking Minerals 174 Limonite Goethite 176 Uraninite 178 Chrysoberyl 180 Some Really Cool Crystals 182 Salt of the Earth 184
