Super Simple Volcano Projects: Science Activities for Future Volcanologists
SUPER SIMPLE EARTH INVESTIGATIONS SUPER SIMPLE VOLCANO PROJECTS Science Activities for Future Volcanologists JESSIE ALKIRE CONSULTING EDITOR DIANE CRAIG M A READING SPECIALIST Super Sandcastle An Imprint of Abdo Publishing abdopublishing com
WHAT IS A VOLCANO 4 A volcano is a vent or opening in Earth's surface Melted rock rises through a conduit from Earth's interior to the surface This melted rock is called magma Magma is very hot It can be hotter than 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit 1,100°C A volcano can erupt This is when magma comes out of the volcano After it comes out of a volcano magma is called lava Gas and rock can also come out of a volcano during an eruption Eruptions can cause MAGMA damage and hurt people
MOUNT ETNA ITALY 5 After an eruption the lava hardens into a layer of rock around the vent Each time a volcano erupts a new layer is added The top of a volcano has a crater This is a low bowl shaped area The vent is in the bottom of the crater Some volcanoes are tens of thousands of years old They have erupted many times The layers of hardened lava have made them into tall mountains KARYMSKY VOLCANO RUSSIA
