CONTENTS Introduction 6 How to Use This Book 8 Plecoptera Stoneflies STONEFLY 74 Phasmatodea Stick insects and leaf insects LEAF INSECT 76 CHAN S MEGASTICK 78 Orthoptera Grasshoppers katydids and crickets MOLE CRICKET 80 EASTERN LUBBER 82 BLUE WINGED GRASSHOPPER 84 GRASSHOPPERS GALLERY 86 CONEHEAD KATYDID 88 DISCOVERING BUGS 10 What Is a Bug 12 Insects Closest Relatives 14 Fossil Bugs 16 Insect Diversity 18 Life Cycle of an Insect 20 Courtship Mating and Egg Laying 22 Insect Eggs and Egg Cases 24 Pupae 26 Bug Senses 28 Antennae 30 How Bugs Talk 32 Food and Feeding 34 Where Bugs Live 36 Insects in Nature 38 Social Insects 40 Colors and Patterns 42 Defenses 44 False Faces 46 The Silk Makers 48 Migration 50 Insects as Pests 52 The Threat of Insect Extinction 54 Mantodea Mantises PRAYING MANTIS 90 MANTISES GALLERY 92 Blattodea Termites and cockroaches MAGNETIC TERMITE 94 Phthiraptera Lice HEAD LOUSE 96 Thysanoptera Thrips THRIPS 98 SIMPLE METAMORPHOSIS 56 Insect Orders 58 Ephemeroptera Mayflies GREEN DRAKE MAYFLY 60 Odonata Dragonflies and damselflies GIANT DARNER DRAGONFLY 62 KIRBY S DROPWING SKIMMER 64 DRAGONFLIES GALLERY 66 HELICOPTER DAMSELFLY 68 Hemiptera Scale insects aphids whiteflies cicadas treehoppers planthoppers leafhoppers peanut bugs bedbugs and other true bugs GREEN GROCER 100 PERIODICAL CICADA 102 CICADAS GALLERY 104 BEDBUG 106 PEANUT BUG 108 TREEHOPPER 110 COCHINEAL SCALE INSECT 112 HIBISCUS HARLEQUIN BUG 114 JEWEL BUGS GALLERY 116 STINK BUG 118 ASSASSIN BUG 120 GIANT WATER BUG 122 WATER STRIDER 124 Dermaptera Earwigs EARWIG 70 Notoptera Icebugs and gladiators ICEBUG 72
126 EGGPLANT LACE BUG SPITTLEBUG 128 APHID 130 COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS 132 Insect Orders 134 Diptera Flies MOSQUITO 202 MARSH CRANE FLY 204 NEW ZEALAND GLOWWORM 206 MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY 208 BITING MIDGE 210 FLESH FLY 212 Trichoptera Caddisflies CADDISFLY 214 Coleoptera Beetles LADYBUG 136 GOLDEN TORTOISE BEETLE 138 TORTOISE BEETLES GALLERY 140 VIOLIN BEETLE 142 BOMBARDIER BEETLE 144 FIREFLY 146 GOLIATH BEETLE 148 SACRED SCARAB 150 HIDE BEETLE 152 HEADLIGHT ELATER 154 RED MILKWEED BEETLE 156 GIANT CARRION BEETLE 158 BLUE FUNGUS BEETLE 160 DARKLING BEETLE 162 GIRAFFE WEEVIL 164 WEEVILS GALLERY 166 Lepidoptera Butterflies and moths MORPHO 216 MONARCH BUTTERFLY 218 POSTMAN 220 ALCON BLUE 222 DEAD LEAF BUTTERFLY 224 SPICEBUSH SWALLOWTAIL 226 APOLLO BUTTERFLY 228 COMMON JEZEBEL BUTTERFLY 230 BUTTERFLIES GALLERY 232 ATLAS MOTH 234 LOBSTER MOTH 236 BOGONG MOTH 238 MORGAN S SPHINX MOTH 240 MADAGASCAN SUNSET MOTH 242 EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR MOTH 244 TEAR DRINKING MOTH 246 Megaloptera Alderflies dobsonflies and fishflies EASTERN DOBSONFLY 168 Neuroptera Lacewings and antlions ANTLION 170 COMMON GREEN LACEWING 172 MORE ABOUT BUGS 248 A Talk With Entomologist Bill Lamp 250 How You Can Help 252 Spiders 254 One of Insects Closest Relatives 256 Spiders Gallery 258 Hymenoptera Ants bees sawflies and wasps TARANTULA HAWK 174 PAPER WASP 176 EASTERN YELLOW JACKET 178 IRRITATOR WASP 180 OAK APPLE GALL WASP 182 RED VELVET ANT 184 WASPS GALLERY 186 WESTERN HONEYBEE 188 BUFF TAILED BUMBLEBEE 190 NEON CUCKOO BEE 192 BULLDOG ANT 194 WEAVER ANT 196 LEAFCUTTER ANT 198 Glossary 260 Find Out More 264 Index 266 Photo Credits 271 Siphonaptera Fleas DOG AND CAT FLEA 200
INTRODUCTION Insects are endlessly fascinating They come in many sizes shapes and colors They walk fly jump swim and burrow They eat many things and many things eat them As they grow they often transform themselves from one shape into a very different one A few are harmful to us but overall we need insects for many reasons and in fact we need them for our own survival As an entomologist my job is to study insects I find something surprising about every insect that I encounter The Ultimate Bugopedia beautifully illustrates the diversity that scientists have discovered about insects and how they live With more than 80 profiles of individual insects of different species and with many insect gallery spreads of even more insects within a group along with hundreds of color photos throughout this is a book that speaks to the life of insects How do the bright colors of butterflies protect them from being eaten Why do fireflies make their bodies flash You'll find the answers to these questions and to just about anything else you want to know about insects in this book With Bugopedia as your guide and inspiration you can go to your backyard or almost anywhere to study insects on your own Observe insects carefully and you can make your very own scientific discoveries about them When I was young no single book encompassed the diversity of insect life like this one does So you are lucky With Bugopedia as your companion I hope that you will discover the world of insects and become as fascinated with it as I am Bill Lamp Ph.D.
Welcome to the Ultimate Bugopedia a big source for information on the fascinating world of insects with more than 400 photos Insects are the most abundant and successful group of animals on earth with more than a million known species and many more yet to be discovered As a scientist and as a writer I enjoyed working on this book and I hope you will enjoy reading it When I was a child I loved observing bugs and exploring nature outdoors Those times provided endless small discoveries for me like how bees visited different flowers in our garden at different times of day and how butterflies would try to stick their proboscises in the center of each flower on my brightly colored shirt My early enthusiasm for insects started me on a path toward pursuing my interests in a big way As an adult I've been fortunate to work as a biologist who studies butterflies and plants and as a nature photographer who photographs them In my travels around the world to places like Thailand India and the Amazon region of South America I've encountered countless insects with amazing adaptations for survival You can see a few of my photos of them on this page You may find yourself with a similar fascination for insects and their relatives Some of the insects profiled in this book will be familiar to you and others won't The insects you'll see are from various parts of the world and each has a story to tell Enjoy exploring Bugopedia You'll find another great thing about insects is that you never have to outgrow your interest in them I haven't Darlyne Murawski Ph.D.
