Published in 2018 by Britannica Educational Publishing a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica Inc in association with The Rosen Publishing Group Inc 29 East 21st Street New York NY 10010 Copyright 2018 The Rosen Publishing Group Inc and Encyclopædia Britannica Inc Ency clopædia Britannica Britannica and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica Inc All rights reserved Distributed exclusively by Rosen Publishing To see additional Britannica Educational Publishing titles go to rosenpublishing com First Edition Britannica Educational Publishing J E Luebering Executive Director Core Editorial Andrea R Field Managing Editor Compton’s by Britannica Rosen Publishing Carolyn DeCarlo Editor Nelson Sá Art Director Michael Moy Series Designer Raúl Rodriguez Book Layout Cindy Reiman Photography Manager Nicole Baker Photo Researcher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names Nichols Susan 1975 author Title The history of Latin America Susan Nichols Description New York Britannica Educational Publishing in association with Rosen Educational Services 2018 Series Exploring Latin America Audience Grades 5 to 8 Includes bibliographical references and index Identifiers LCCN 2016058547 ISBN 9781680486841 eBook Subjects LCSH Latin America History Juvenile literature Classification LCC F1410 N53 2018 DDC 980 dc23 LC record available at https lccn loc gov 2016058547 Manufactured in the United States of America Photo credits Cover p 7 DEA M Seemuller De Agostini Picture Library Getty Images pp 4 5 9 37 Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc pp 4 5 8 16 23 29 36 background By Pyty Shutterstock com pp 10 11 Windmill Books Universal Images Group Getty Images pp 12 13 Digital Vision Getty Images pp 14 15 robert lerich Fotolia p 17 Victor Englebert p 19 Jan Pešula pp 20 21 Eli Coory Fotolia p 24 ullstein bild Getty Images p 25 Photos com Thinkstock p 27 DEA G Dagli Orti De Agostini Getty Images p 30 Historic Map Works LLC Getty Images p 31 Leemage Universal Images Group Getty Images p 33 Jeremy Woodhouse Digital Vision Getty Images pp 35 42 Bettmann Getty Images pp 38 39 Stefano Bianchetti Corbis Historical Getty Images p 41 U S Navy back cover by Filipe Frazao Shutterstock com
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF LATIN AMERICA CHAPTER TWO CONQUERING THE NEW WORLD CHAPTER THREE LATIN AMERICA UNDER EUROPEAN CONTROL CHAPTER FOUR REVOLUTION AND INDEPENDENCE CHAPTER FIVE WARS AMONG NEIGHBORS GLOSSARY FOR FURTHER READING INDEX 4 8 16 23 29 36 44 46 47
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION N ative peoples had lived in the Americas for thousands of years by the time the first European explorers set foot on their land Although the Italian-born explorer Christopher Columbus was not the first European to reach the Americas Vikings such as Leif Eriksson had visit ed North America five centuries earlier the arrival of his ships in the West Indies in 1492 is an important milestone since it marked the beginning of the colonial era in Latin America Columbus whose voyages were sponsored by the Spanish monarchs Ferdinand II and Isabella I reached the South American mainland by 1498 Within decades the Spaniards would locate and occupy the areas of great est indigenous population and resources in Latin America Other European powers soon followed But if these lands represented a new world for Euro peans they were a very old world for the native peo ples Columbus and his successors encountered These peoples included the Maya of the Yucatán Peninsula the Aztec of Mexico the Inca of Peru and This map illustrates the four journeys undertaken by Christopher Columbus and his crew across the Atlantic Ocean between 1492 and 1504 4
INTRODUCTION This illustration shows the traditional cultural areas that existed in the Americas before the arrival of the Europeans 5
