INTRODUCTION 8 CHAPTER 1 URBAN GROWTH AND WARS OF EXPANSION 12 CiviC institutions 13 CiviC strife and one-Man rule 15 Guelfs and Ghibellines 16 new funCtions of the City-state 19 wars of expansion 22 CHAPTER 2 ITALIAN HUMANISM 26 literaCy and language 28 the huManities 30 Petrarch 32 ClassiCal sCholarship 36 Contents
CHAPTER 3 RENAISSANCE THOUGHT 42 MaChiavelli and The Prince 44 the doMinanCe of florenCe 46 assessinG Machiavelli 48 guiCCiardini and The hisTory of iTaly 53 CHAPTER 4 THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE 57 the italian wars 58 Centralized MonarChies and eConoMiC growth 62 northern huManisM 68 christian Mystics 71 the growth of vernaCular literature 72
CHAPTER 5 RENAISSANCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 77 sCienCe in Medieval tiMes 79 the helioCentriC systeM 81 MatheMatiCs 83 renaissance Man 84 warfare 87 the printing press 89 CONCLUSION 92 GLOSSARY 94 BIBLIOGRAPHY 96 INDEX 102
