I Contents 14 Where is Africa Countries Early migration and empires 8 Mapping independence 10 Climates 12 Wildlife Natural landmarks 16 Human made landmarks 18 Settlements 20 Industries 22 Sports 24 Culture 26 Food and drink 28 Further information 30 Glossary Index 32 31
OOOOOOO Where is Africa Africa is the second largest continent in the world Its landmass covers more than one fifth of Earth's surface Its mainland is connected to Asia by a narrow stretch of land while large oceans and sea surround the rest of the continent A s Mediterranean Sea The border between Egypt and Israel is also the border between Africa and the continent of Asia Israel Atlantic Ocean Egypt ASIA Indian Ocean Mainland The mainland of Africa is so large that you can fit the United States China India Argentina and Western Europe in it and still have extra land to spare USA Western Europe Africa 11 699 512 sq miles 30 301 596 sq km Other named areas 11 522 766 sq miles 29 843 826 sq km The continent of Africa includes six islands that surround the mainland Madagascar is the largest China Tim Alexandrial dirgin arterilisation in Miami lines annual Early map One of the earliest maps of Africa was made by the German mapmaker Sebastian Münster around 1544 It was made from information gathered by European explorers and much of it was incorrect
The equator The equator is an imaginary line running around the middle of Earth halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole It divides Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere The equator runs through the African countries of Gabon Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Uganda Kenya and Somalia The tropics of Cancer Tropic o The tropics are imaginary lines that run around Earth where temperatures are high all year round The Tropic of Cancer runs around Earth about 23 5 degrees north of the equator and goes through the African countries of Morocco the member state of Western Sahara Mauritania Mali Algeria Niger Libya Chad and Egypt Eqi uator Cool ico Tro The Tropic of Capricorn runs about 23 5 degrees south of the equator and goes through the African countries of Namibia Botswana South Africa Mozambique Madagascar and TI Locating Africa We can describe the location of Africa in relation to the areas of land and water that surround it and using the points on a compass Durope Asia Atlantic Africa is west of Asia Ocean Africa Africa is south of Europe Indian Ocean Africa is between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean
