vi Chapter 6 The Potawatomi Nation 90 Think About It 91 Tribal Traditions 92 Tribal History 93 Early Days 93 Giving Up Land 97 Dealing with Non-Indians 100 Potawatomi Life Today 105 Remembering 109 Chapter 7 The Oneida Nation 110 Think About It 111 Tribal Traditions 112 Tribal History 113 Meeting Europeans in New York 113 The Oneida and the American Revolution 115 Moving to Wisconsin 117 Early Years in Wisconsin 118 Oneida Life Today 122 Remembering 124
vii Chapter 8 Stockbridge-Munsee Community of Mohican Indians 126 Think About It 126 Tribal Traditions 128 Tribal History 128 Early Days 128 The Mohican of Stockbridge Massachusetts 129 The Mohican Find a Home in Oneida 131 Many Trails to Wisconsin 132 The Mohican and the US Government 134 Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican Indian Life Today 137 Remembering 139 Chapter 9 The Brothertown Indian Nation 140 Think About It 140 Tribal Traditions 142 Tribal History 142 Early Days 142 The Brothertown and the Revolutionary War 143 The Brothertown Move to Wisconsin 144 The Brothertown and the US Government 145 Brothertown Indian Life Today 148 Remembering 149
Chapter 10 Urban Indians 150 Think About It 150 Tribal History 152 Early Days 152 Urban Indian Migration 152 Red Power 153 Urban Indian Life Today 153 Urban Indian Populations 153 Urban Indian Support Systems 154 Indian Community School 155 First Nation Studies UW Green Bay 157 Remembering 158 Native People of Wisconsin Up Close 160 Beyond 171 Glossary 174 Acknowledgments 184 Index 186 About the Author 197 viii
Introduction First People of Wisconsin If you are reading this book at school it is probably because you are learning about Wisconsin history Fourth grade is usually when you study our state’s history and perhaps are introduced to Wisconsin’s original people for the first time In this book you’ll learn about the Menominee muh nah muh nee the Ho-Chunk the Ojibwe oh jib way and the Forest County Potawatomi pot uh wah tuh mee They were here when the first European explorers arrived in the 1600s You will also learn about the Indian nations from New York state who migrated here in the 1820s These include the Oneida oh nI duh the Mohican moh hee kuhn and the Brothertown Indians You will also read about urban Indians These are Native people who live in cities These are not the only tribes that lived in Wisconsin before it became a state There were other Native people who were forced to leave These tribes include the Sauk sawk Meskwaki mes kwah kee also known as the Fox the Sioux soo several other bands of the Potawatomi the Kickapoo kik uh poo of Oklahoma and the Nebraska Winnebago wi nah bay go who are related to the Ho-Chunk Some of the Native people who are still in Wisconsin today were nearly forced to move away as well Some fought relocation Others were removed but eventually found their way back to Wisconsin Others live on reservations Native People of Wisconsin is a book about the Native people who live in our state today Often Wisconsin Indian people celebrate their culture and traditions which are different from those of non-Indians But Native people also share many things in common with their non-Indian neighbors relocation A policy in the 1950s that attempted to move Indians from reservations to cities removed Forced to move to Indian reservations west of the Mississippi River in accordance with government policy in the 1800s reservations Areas of land set aside by treaty for tribes to live on ix
