Landscapes

Landscapes — page 1 — Published by Creative Education P O Box 227 Mankato Minnesota 56002 Creative Education is an imprint of The Creative Company www thecreativecompany us Design and production by Liddy Walseth Art direction by Rita Marshall Printed in the United States of America Photographs by Alamy Tomas Abad The Art Gallery Collection Lebrecht Music and Arts Photo Library Artists Rights Society 2012 Artists Rights Society ARS New York VG Bild-Kunst Bonn Art Resource Alinari Erich Lessing Terra Foundation for American Art The Museum of Modern Art Licensed by SCALA The Bridgeman Art Library Fenollosa-Weld Collection Alinari Pushkin Museum Moscow Russia Giraudon Corbis Alexander Burkatovski Getty Images Giotto di Bondone Buyenlarge Buyenlarge Time Life Pictures John Constable The Bridgeman Art Library Dorling Kindersley Guy Gillette Ernst Haas Hulton Archive French School Hulton Archive Kean Collection SuperStock Vincent van Gogh Kirk Wilkinson Pix Inc Time Life Pictures iStockphoto ChrisAt Yanik Chauvin Deanna Finn Konstantin Kirillov Erik Lam Josef Muellek Shutterstock Subbotina Anna Jakub Krechowicz Chris Pole SuperStock The Art Archive Bridgeman Art Library Fine Art Images The Rubell Family Collection Wikipedia Paul Cezanne Katsushika Hokusai Copyright 2013 Creative Education International copyright reserved in all countries No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bodden Valerie Landscapes by Valerie Bodden p cm Brushes with greatness Includes bibliographical references and index Summary A survey of the painting genre that focuses on landforms and elements of nature examining the genre’s origins and introducing its notable artists works and styles throughout history ISBN 978-1-60818-201-5 hard cover ISBN 978-1-56660-145-0 eBook 1 Landscape painting I Title ND1340 B63 2012 758 1 dc23 2011040487 First edition 246897531 COVER THATCHED COTTAGES 1890 BY VINCENT VAN GOGH PAGE 2 DETAIL OF WHEATFIELD WITH REAPER 1889 BY VAN GOGH 2

Landscapes — page 2 — TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAP TERS T H E L A N D S C A P E B AC KG R O U N D INTO THEFOREGROUND E X P E R I M E N TA L L A N D S C A P I N G CHANGINGLANDSCAPES FOR ACHANGINGTIME APPRECIATING ART S T F R A N C I S I N T H E D E S E R T T H E G R E AT W AV E AT K A N AG AWA M O N T S A I N T E-V I C T O I R E S E E N F R O M T H E B I B É M U S Q UA R RY C H R I S T I N A S W O R L D RESOURCES G L O S S A RY SELECTEDBIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX 2 4 16 26 37 14 15 25 35 45 46 47 48

Landscapes — page 3 — The Landscape Background 4

Landscapes — page 4 — although visitors to an art museum today might think nothing of seeing numerous landscape paintings on exhibit the idea of a work of art depicting only the natural world with no human or divine ﬁgures was once radical It was not until the 1500s that landscape was recognized as a legitimate painting genre in the West Since that time landscape painting has helped push the progress century a d By the end of that century of artistic developments moving from however the Roman Empire which idealized to realistic expressionistic and controlled most of Europe northern even abstract views of the natural world Africa and the Middle East was split The ﬂourishing art scene of the into the western Roman Empire and the ancient Greek world revolved around eastern Roman Empire also known as the the human ﬁgure in both sculpture and Byzantine Empire By the ﬁfth century painting Beginning around the ﬁrst the western empire had fallen and Europe century b c however landscape painting entered a period known as the Middle ﬂowered brieﬂy in the form of wall paintings Ages which lasted nearly 1,000 years and frescoes paintings made on walls using During this time the Catholic Church watercolors on wet plaster These frescoes exerted strong inﬂuence throughout were found in the homes of wealthy Romans most of Europe and religious subjects and may actually have been copies of Greek including stories from the Bible and wall paintings created 100 or 200 years earlier legends about saints were regarded According to the Roman scholar Pliny a d as the proper focus of artwork That 23 79 Roman wall paintings depicted artwork was usually in the form of wall country houses colonnades garden or altar paintings mosaics or tapestries structures groves forests hills ponds seas in cathedrals and churches Some rivers shores whatever one wished Landscape painting prevailed in Rome until about the fourth DETAIL FROM THE MAESTÀ ALTARPIECE 1308 11 OPPOSITE BY ITALIAN DUCCIO DI BUONINSEGNA DETAIL FROM THE ANNUNCIATION C 1305 ABOVE BY GIOTTO DI BONDONE 5

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