ing Satyagraha 1913 Gandhi organizes a nonviolent march through the Natal 1906 Gandhi organizes a second ambulance corps during the Zulu Rebellion arranged marriage Harilal is born 1891 Gandhi returns to India after earning his law degree and Transvaal regions 1869 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is born on October 2 in Porbandar India in the state of Gujarat 1888 Gandhi travels to England to study law his first son 1910 Gandhi establishes the Tolstoy Farm near Johannesburg 1883 At 13 years old Mohandas marries Kastur Kapadia in an 1908 Gandhi is imprisoned in a Johannesburg jail for instigat 1907 Gandhi organizes his first peaceful nonviolent Satya graha campaign to protest a law designed to register and fingerprint Asians 1893 Gandhi travels to Durban South Africa to work as a law yer he is thrown off a train for refusing to move from his paid first-class seat to a third-class seat tiME LinE e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 g 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1904 Gandhi establishes the Phoenix Settlement near Durban which is a communal ashram devoted to vegetarianism spirituality and sustainable farming practices 1920 Gandhi begins his noncooperation movement he orga nizes a boycott of British goods and encourages people to spin cotton and make their own clothes 1899 Gandhi organizes the Natal Indian Ambulance Corps for the British during the Second Boer War 1919 Gandhi helps organize protests against the Rowlatt Act legislation aimed to suppress Indian rights 1917 Gandhi establishes the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmed abad Gujarat he helps the farmers of Champaran months 1914 World War I begins 1897 Gandhi is beaten by a mob of white settlers in Durban for his pro-Indian reform efforts 1918 World War I ends 1894 Gandhi creates the Natal Indian Congress to fight dis crimination against Indians 1896 Gandhi travels to India to bring his family to live with 1914 Gandhi helps pass the Indian Relief Act of 1914 1914 Gandhi leaves South Africa and lives in England for five 1919 The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre him in South Africa 1915 Gandhi returns to India and is welcomed as a hero vi
1922 Gandhi is sentenced to six years in the Yerwada Central Jail in Pune India 1927 The first edition of Gandhi’s autobiography The Story of My Experiments with Truth is published the second edi tion is published two years later 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 h 1947 India gains independence from British rule and is separated into India and Pakistan 1932 Imprisoned again in the Yerwada jail Gandhi begins his historic fast on behalf of the untouchables 1944 Kasturba dies 1945 World War II ends 1942 Gandhi helps launch the Quit India movement demanding India’s independence from British rule 1942 Gandhi and Kasturba are imprisoned at Aga Khan Palace 1948 Gandhi 78 years old is assassinated by a Hindu nationalist on January 30 1930 From the Sabarmati Ashram Gandhi sets out on the his toric Salt March 1922 Chauri Chaura killings 1939 World War II begins in Pune India 1943 Gandhi fasts 21 days to protest violence in India vii
viii Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Getty Keystone-France
e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f g 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 h introduction Mohandas Gandhi Generations to come it may well be will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this Earth Albert Einstein with his wire-rimmed glasses homespun clothes and walking stick Gandhi is an unforgettable symbol of nonviolence freedom and peace for our world Gandhi was a great leader of the 20th century who worked tirelessly and courageously to help India achieve its hard-won indepen dence from England From childhood on Gandhi led an extraordinary life with many fascinating twists and turns He was a world traveler who lived in India England and South Africa Trav eling gave him wonderful opportunities to discover new lands and to observe how a wide variety of people did or did not get along His personal life had joys and sorrows Gandhi was Hindu and teenage marriages arranged by parents were traditional when he was young He was married at the age of 13 to a hometown girl named Kastur who was also his age As was customary Kastur’s name became Kasturbai once she was married and Kasturba when she was older and the matriarch of their family Early in their marriage the couple had a baby who died shortly after birth Later in life Gandhi and Kasturba raised four sons named Harilal Manilal Ramdas and Devdas Gandhi was often called Bapu which means Father In midlife Gandhi was called Mahatma which means ix
