Robotics: From Automatons to the Roomba

Robotics: From Automatons to the Roomba — page 3 — www abdopublishing com Published by Abdo Publishing a division of ABDO PO Box 398166 Minneapolis Minnesota 55439 Copyright 2015 by Abdo Consulting Group Inc International copyrights reserved in all countries No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher Essential Library is a trademark and logo of Abdo Publishing Printed in the United States of America North Mankato Minnesota 102014 012015 Cover Photos Denis Klimov Shutterstock Images Pavel Isupov Shutterstock Images Shutterstock Images Interior Photos Denis Klimov Shutterstock Images 1 3 Pavel Isupov Shutterstock Images 1 3 Shutterstock Images 1 3 13 14 34 Shawn Baldwin AP Images 7 Brian Snyder Reuters Corbis 9 Reuters Tokyo Electric Power Co Corbis 10 Stefano Bianchetti Corbis 17 Thanassis Stavrakis AP Images 18 Matt Rourke AP Images 23 Bettmann Corbis 25 29 31 BBC Corbis 27 Geoff Caddick Press Association AP Images 33 Eddie Worth AP Images 37 Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection Getty Images 39 Matt Dunham AP Images 41 Peter Menzel Science Source 43 SSPL Getty Images 44 Rainer Plendl Shutterstock Images 47 Uli Deck picture-alliance dpa AP Images 48 Charles Knoblock AP Images 51 Y J Ishizaki AP Images 52 Vasily Smirnov Shutterstock Images 55 NASA 57 59 US Navy 62 81 Robson Fernandjes picture-alliance dpa AP Images 65 Rick Friedman Corbis 67 Itsuo Inouye AP Images 69 Susana Bates Sipa USA AP Images 70 Rich Pedroncelli AP Images 72 US Air Force 75 77 US Army 79 US Marine Corps 85 Koji Sasahara AP Images 87 95 Jacquelyn Martin AP Images 88 Eric Risberg AP Images 93 Editor Arnold Ringstad Series Designer Craig Hinton Library of Congress Control Number 2014943875 Cataloging-in-Publication Data Foran Racquel Robotics from automatons to the Roomba Racquel Foran p cm History of science ISBN 978-1-62403-564-7 lib bdg Includes bibliographical references and index 1 Robotics History Juvenile literature I Title 629 8 dc23 2014943875

Robotics: From Automatons to the Roomba — page 4 — Contents Chapter One Robot Responders 6 Chapter Two Early Automatons 16 Chapter Three Robots of the Early 1900s 26 Chapter Four The Birth of Modern Robots 36 Chapter Five Industrial Robots 46 Chapter Six Research and Service Robots 56 Chapter Seven Rescue and War Robots 74 Chapter Eight The Future of Robotics 86 TIMELINE 98 ESSENTIAL FACTS 100 GLOSSARY 102 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 104 SOURCE NOTES 106 INDEX 110 ABOUT THE AUTHOR 112

Robotics: From Automatons to the Roomba — page 5 — 6 The rubble of the World Trade Center created an extremely hazardous environment for human responders Chapter One Robot RESPONDERS It was September 11 2001 in the heart of New York City Fires raged at unbearable temperatures Dust and smoke filled the air impeding both sight and breathing The stability of the structures in the area was unknown It looked like a scene from a disaster movie but it was terribly real After being hit with hijacked jetliners the 110-floor twin towers of the World Trade Center had crumbled to the streets of Manhattan People ran toward the catastrophe in an effort to save lives However emergency responders were blocked by rubble in their search for survivors Piles of debris could have collapsed without warning Robots were brought to the scene to assist in the rescue effort One type of robot used was the PackBot These tough little robots looking like two miniature tank treads topped off with crane arms could get into places emergency workers could

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