Contents Introduction 8 Chapter 1 Stone Age Technology 12 Earliest Communities 14 The Neolithic Revolution 15 Stone 15 Power 17 Tools and Weapons 18 Building Techniques 21 Manufacturing 22 Technology and Human Physical Development 26 Chapter 2 The Urban Revolution 28 Craftsmen and Scientists 28 Copper and Bronze 31 The Lost Wax Process 36 Irrigation 37 Urban Manufacturing 40 Building 41 Transmitting Knowledge 44
6 Chapter 3 Technological Achievements of Greece and Rome 47 The Mastery of Iron 48 Mechanical Contrivances 51 Building 53 Archimedes Screw 56 Other Fields of Technology 57 Transport 58 Military Technology 61 Chapter 4 Agricultural Technology 62 How Agriculture and Domestication Began 63 Early Development 66 Early Agricultural Societies 68 Sumer 68 The Nile Valley 70 Mesoamerica 70 South America 71 North America 72 Agriculture in Ancient Asia 73 Tools and Techniques in China 73 Agricultural Techniques in Japan 76 The Indian Subcontinent 76 Improvements in Agriculture in the West 78
Chapter 5 Military Technology From Precious Metals to Base Metals Antiquity and the Classical Age c 1000 BCE CE 400 Defensive Weaponry Helmets Shields Body Armor Offensive Weaponry The Ax The Spear The Javelin The Sling The Sword The Bow Arrows Mechanical Artillery Recreating Ancient Artillery Fortification Land Transportation Conclusion Glossary For More Information For Further Reading Index 82 83 85 86 88 88 90 92 92 93 94 94 95 95 96 98 99 100 102 105 106 108 110 111 7
